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Artificial intelligence |
Biological nervous systems make use of natural intelligence. Artificial intelligence attempts to employ certain qualities of natural intelligence in machines and computers.
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Computer tomography |
Image-generating process utilising X-rays. It shows only the structure.
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Histogram |
Graphic representation of a frequency distribution using bars. The height of the columns corresponds to the frequency of the measured value.
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hybrid |
Produced through crossing or mixing, mixed.
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Magnetic resonance tomography |
Image-generating process utilising magnetic fields and radio waves. It shows only the structure and is especially useful for highly detailed images of non-bony tissue.
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Neural network |
A neural network consists of idealised neurons, the so-called "units.” The units are linked together in a parallel configuration through a network and receive signals (inputs) from other units, which are added up and, from this, calculate an output with simple mathematical functions. The signals are determined by the product of the weight and strength of the link between the units. Artificial neural networks are, motivated by the biological model (the nervous systems/brains of animals), a computational model for information processing.
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Neuroinformatics |
The study of the fundamental arithmetic principles (those that can be depicted mathematically or described through informatics) used by nervous systems and the application of these findings in various technologies.
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neuromorphic |
Modelled after the structure of nerve cells.
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Neuron |
The nerve cell, the so-called neuron, is the fundamental unit of the nervous system. Its function covers the transmission and storage of data. The nerve cell consists of a cell body and numerous processes, the dendrites that conduct signals from other neurons to the cell body, as well as an axon through which signals are passed from one cell to another.
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Positron emission tomography |
Image-generating process utilising radioactive substances that break down in the body, which get measured by detectors. It enables functional examination of the brain, among other uses.
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umami |
Umami means "savoury” in Japanese. The corresponding sensory cells react to the amino acid glutamate, found in protein-rich natural foods such as meat, seafood and cheese, but also in flavouring preparations like Aromat and soy sauce.
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